SATELLITES
A satellite is a body that is located around another in space. There are two types of satellites: natural and artificial.Natural satellites are those that were not created by humans, such as the Earth, which orbits the Sun, and the Moon, which orbits the Earth.On the other hand, artificial satellites are machines created by humans. They are launched into space and orbit around a celestial body. Likewise, artificial satellites come in different shapes and sizes, and each one is specifically designed to fulfill the objectives of a particular mission.
Meteorology in Peru
The meteorology in Peru is highly variable due to its diverse geography, which includes the arid coast, the mountainous highlands, and the Amazon rainforest. This diversity creates a wide range of climates, from arid and temperate on the coast to rainy and cold in the highlands, and very rainy and warm in the rainforest.
NASA and CNES's SWOT satellite measures water levels on Earth.
In 2023, it recorded high sea levels off the coasts of Peru and Ecuador, a sign of the El Niño phenomenon.
Its KaRIn radar provides accurate data on oceans and rivers for studying global climate.
Satellite SWOT
The image shows how the Terra satellite, with its ASTER instrument, monitors Laguna Palcacocha and the glaciers of the Cordillera Blanca in Peru, providing key data for observing cracks and changes that could cause floods and helping to prevent disasters.
Satellite TERRA
METEOROLOGY
Niño phenomenon
The El Niño phenomenon raises sea temperatures and ocean levels along the Pacific coasts, weakening the trade winds and causing rainfall and increased humidity in several regions.
Frosts
Frosts are sudden drops in temperature to 0 °C or below, especially in high Andean areas of Peru located above 3,000 meters above sea level. This phenomenon occurs mainly between April and September, affecting health, crops, and rural livestock
Strong winds
Strong winds in Peru are a frequent meteorological phenomenon, especially on the coast and in the southern highlands, caused by differences in atmospheric pressure and the influence of high-pressure systems.
NATURAL PHENOMENON
Natural phenomena are processes inherent to nature, such as heavy rains, floods, strong winds, frosts, or mudslides, which can cause disasters when they affect populated areas. In Peru, these events account for almost half of all reported emergencies, according to the Ministry of the Environment (MINAM, 2014).